Why No Female Vānara Monkey Women in Ramayana?

The ancient Indian epic Ramayana, rich with its male hero Hanuman, is often associated with the valiant Vānara (monkey) warriors. However, could it be that no female characters among the Vānara monkey warriors are distinctly described, aside from notable figures like Anjaneya (Hanuman), Tara, and Ruma?

Folk Lore of Anjaneya: Anjana Ji - The Celestial Nymph

Among the lesser-known characters, Anjaneya, or Hanuman, is the son of Anjana ji, a Vānara princess and a celestial nymph. The tale suggests that Anjana ji had been cursed to be born as a monkey by a sage for her disrespectful act. However, it is worth noting that despite the curse, she is often revered in various Hindu traditions.

Anjana ji is believed to be a celestial nymph who, through her devotion, managed to be so close to Lord Shiva that a divine touch from him transformed her into a woman. In the Indian realm, there are numerous shrines dedicated to her, and she is also known as Anjani Devi. Her blessings are sought by Lord Hanuman’s devotees, indicating the reverence that surrounds her figure.

Tara: The Panch Kanya

Tara, another significant character, holds a prominent place among the Panch Kanya or the five pious women. According to legends, Tara was the wife of the monkey king Bali, who was killed by Lord Rama for breaking the code of ethics. Despite this, Tara is extolled and is considered highly devout and virtuous.

Tara is often described as giving invaluable advice to her husband, Bali. It is noteworthy that even before her husband’s tragic battle with Rama, she earnestly advised him to avoid fighting with his own brother and to be cautious of Rama’s arrows. This advice underscores her wisdom and devotion. Furthermore, after his death, Tara is described as guiding her brother Sugriva in the administration of their kingdom and playing a crucial role in calming Lord Lakshmana, who was in the mood to destroy Kishkinda due to Sugriva’s negligence in finding Sita Devi.

Other Female Vānara Characters: Ruma and others

Besides Anjaneya and Tara, the epic of Ramayana does mention other female figures like Ruma, who was Sugreeva’s wife. While more detailed accounts of Ruma's character are not extensively documented, her marriage to Sugreeva is a significant part of the story.

Additionally, there are other female Vānara characters who are briefly mentioned but not given extensive descriptions. These characters are essential as they contribute to the broader tapestry of the Ramayana, a legendary battle of good and evil. Each of these women, whether highlighting wisdom, devotion, or valor, plays a vital role in the story's overarching narrative.

The prominence of these characters, however, is often overshadowed by the male heroes of the epic. Nevertheless, the presence of these female figures is a testament to the rich and diverse narrative of the Ramayana.

Concluding Remarks

The lack of detailed descriptions of female Vānara characters in the Ramayana might be a reflection of the patriarchal times in which the epic was originally composed. However, the importance of figures like Anjaneya, Tara, and Ruma cannot be understated. Their roles in the epic, however minimal, shed light on the depth and richness of the narrative.

References Further Reading

1. Sacred Texts. Ramayana: Book II - The Forest-Dwelling (Mad-Cow Translation)

2. Hinduism Today. Panch Kanyas: Five Pious Women of Hindu Tradition

3. Hindu Website. Vali's Wife: Sage Valmiki's account of Tara