Understanding the Need for Oiling Out Before Varnishing

When it comes to finalizing a painting, decision-making about whether or not to oil out before varnishing is critical. This article aims to elucidate the practice of oiling out, the reasons for doing so, the associated benefits, and the alternatives to oiling out. By the end of this guide, you will have a clear understanding of the decision-making process to achieve the best results for your artwork.

What is Oiling Out?

Oiling out is a technique used in painting to even out the glossiness of the paint before applying a final varnish. This process is particularly useful when certain pigments or areas of the painting appear dull, requiring a smoother and more even finish. The primary objective of oiling out is to eliminate any glossiness differences, ensuring a consistent appearance across the entire surface.

Benefits of Oiling Out

Evening Out Gloss: Oiling out helps to achieve a uniform gloss across the painting. This is especially important for creating a harmonious and elegant finish that isn’t overly glossy in some spots and under-glossy in others. For instance, if you are working on a landscape painting where different parts of the scene need to be highlighted differently, ensuring an even gloss can enhance the overall visual impact.

Easier Application of Varnish: By reducing glossiness through oiling out, the varnish will apply more evenly. Poor application of varnish can lead to an excessively thick coat, which might trap bubbles, require an extended drying time, and compromise the final look of the painting. A smoother surface from oiling out can ensure a flawless application of the varnish.

When to Oil Out Before Varnishing

Not all paintings require oiling out before varnishing. However, for certain types of artworks and specific techniques, this practice can significantly enhance the final outcome. For example, if you are working with mixed media or have used a range of pigments with varying gloss levels, oiling out is highly recommended. Additionally, when dealing with areas of the painting that are particularly thick or cover more pigments, this technique can be beneficial.

Alternatives to Oiling Out

While oiling out is a tried-and-true method, there are alternative approaches to consider. The decision to skip oiling out before varnishing is more about the type of varnish you are using and the nature of the painting. If you opt for a varnish that offers more flexibility or gloss control, you might not need to oil out. Additionally, modern varnishes are often formulated to work effectively on both heavily and lightly painted surfaces, reducing the need for this preparatory step.

Using a Varnish with a Matte Finish: Some artists choose to use a matte varnish, which doesn’t require oiling out. This approach is simpler and can result in a more unassuming finish. However, it's important to note that a matte varnish will not provide the same protection as a gloss varnish, which may be beneficial depending on the artwork's intended use and display environment.

Manual Buffing: Instead of oiling out, some artists opt for manual buffing techniques to achieve a smooth surface prior to applying varnish. This involves carefully rubbing the surface with a soft cloth or buffing tool to minimize any gloss differences. The technique requires a bit more skill and time but can yield excellent results without the need for additional steps.

The No-Need Argument: Why Varnish Alone May Sufficient

Another school of thought is that there’s no need to oil out before varnishing. The argument here is that varnish alone can achieve the necessary gloss control and protection. Some artists and experts argue that the varnish, when applied carefully and with quality products, can do the job without the need for additional steps. This approach simplifies the process and reduces the risk of introducing new variables that might affect the painting.

Using a reputable and high-quality varnish can help achieve a consistent and even finish. Moreover, if the varnish is applied correctly, it can evenly cover and protect any areas that might be dull, offering a cohesive look to the overall painting.

Conclusion

The decision to oil out before varnishing depends on the specific needs of your painting and the type of finish you are aiming for. Oiling out can be a valuable tool for achieving a consistent and elegant look, but there are alternatives if you prefer a simpler approach. Whether you choose to oil out or not, the most important thing is to ensure that the varnish is applied properly to protect and enhance your artwork.

Remember, every painting is a unique creation, and the best approach can vary based on the individual piece. Consider the specific characteristics of your painting, the material used, and your personal preferences before making a decision. By carefully considering these factors, you can achieve the desired results and ensure your artwork remains beautiful and protected for years to come.