Understanding Realism: Types and Applications in Everyday Life

Realism, like all philosophical concepts known as -isms, is a descriptor of a specific manner of human thinking. It encompasses the idea of perceiving the world in a way that is consistent with observable phenomena and experiences. The question frequently arises: ‘Is realism one cohesive concept, or are there different types of realism?’ In this discussion, we will explore the nature of realism and its various interpretations.

Definition and Essence of Realism

According to the perspective you’ve shared, realism is not so much about obtaining a perfect, photographic representation of the world but rather about understanding processes that lead to knowledge. A realistic concept, as you described, is one that can be traced back to some physical experience or object. For instance, when referring to an ‘apple’ as a fruit, the idea is primarily to sell the product itself rather than delve into atomic or quantum explanations.

Conceptualizing realism can be linear and straightforward. It often involves bracketing ideas to focus on specific aspects. For example, the phrase 'apple [the fruit] is the mother of applesauce' exemplifies how realistic thinking can be used to convey relationships without veering into overly complex or unnecessary details.

Types of Realism

There are indeed different types of realism, each with its own nuances and applications. Below, we explore some of the primary forms of realism and how they manifest in our daily lives.

Artistic Realism

Artistic realism involves the accurate depiction of objects and scenes as they appear in the physical world. This type of realism is prevalent in photography, painting, and other forms of visual art where the goal is to capture the essence of an object or a scene in a realistic manner. Artists who practice this style aim to convey the physical reality of their subjects, providing viewers with a clear, authentic portrayal.

Philosophical Realism

Philosophical realism holds that an independent reality exists beyond our perceptions. It is concerned with the truth and reality of the world, irrespective of how we perceive it. Philosophers subscribing to this view believe that there is a ‘real’ world that exists independently of our mental constructs or beliefs.

Economic Realism

Economic realism examines economic systems and policies in their practical, observable reality, rather than idealized or theoretical frameworks. Advocates of this type of realism focus on practical outcomes and the real-world impacts of economic decisions, rather than relying on abstract models or hypothetical scenarios.

Environmental Realism

Environmental realism is concerned with the actual state of our environment, including issues like pollution, climate change, and biodiversity. This form of realism emphasizes the concrete, observable aspects of environmental challenges and aims to develop practical solutions to address them.

The Nature of Realism Among Humans

As suggested, realism as a concept is not confined to a single, rigid box. Rather, it represents a flexible, adaptable way of thinking. Realists are individuals who accept their environment as an external constraint, often not attempting to fundamentally change it. This mindset can vary based on an individual's circumstances and beliefs.

Acceptance-Based Realism

Some realists believe they can change their environment but, if they succeed, they remain within the constraints of realism. They view their environment as something to which they can make alterations, but they recognize intrinsic limits. If they fail, they are pushed out of the box of realism, as their assumptions were incorrect.

Non-Attempt-Based Realism

Others who do not try to change their environment are also categorized as realists. They accept their current reality and do not seek to alter it, whether out of choice or lack of resources. Their worldview is shaped by the environment they encounter, without the drive to fundamentally transform it.

The concept of realism, therefore, encompasses a range of perspectives and applications in human thought and action. It offers a versatile framework for understanding and interacting with the world around us, whether in the realm of art, philosophy, economics, or environmental concerns.

By recognizing the variability in the application and interpretation of realism, we can better navigate the complexities of our perceptions and actions in the world.