The Ultimate Guide to Learning Bharatanatyam Theory: Essential Texts and Resources

Bharatanatyam, one of the oldest and most prestigious forms of Indian classical dance, has a rich theoretical foundation that spans centuries. Learning Bharatanatyam involves not only mastering the physical gestures and movements but also understanding its deep-rooted theoretical framework. This guide aims to provide an extensive overview of the essential texts and resources for anyone seeking to delve into the theoretical aspects of Bharatanatyam.

Key Texts and Resources for Bharatanatyam Theory

To truly grasp the depth and complexity of Bharatanatyam, one must consult several authoritative texts. These treatises offer a comprehensive understanding of the dance form's history, technique, and musical elements.

Natyashastra

The Natyashastra (or the Drama Science) by Bharata Muni is the oldest extant treatise on Indian classical dance and drama. Considered the foundational text for all Indian classical dance forms, including Bharatanatyam, Natyashastra covers a wide range of topics, including abhinaya (acting and expression), rasa (emotional content), and bharata (narrative). It serves as a fundamental guide for dancers, musicians, actors, and aestheticians alike.

Abhinaya Darpana

Abhinaya Darpana (Mirror of Gesture) by Natanakrishna is a more focused text that delves into the expressive aspects of dance. It is an essential resource for understanding the emotional and narrative components of Bharatanatyam. The book provides detailed descriptions of hand gestures (mudras), facial expressions, and body postures, making it a go-to reference for dancers.

Nrttaratnaavali and Other Comprehensive Works

Nrttaratnaavali by Jayasenapathi and Dasharoopaka by Dhananjaya are more recent but no less valuable treatises. They offer a broad overview of Bharatanatyam, including its history, theory, and practical aspects. These books are essential for gaining a holistic understanding of the dance form.

Lasyara Nasha and Other Theoretical Works

Lasyaranjana by Simhabhoopala and Nrttaratnaavali are considered theoretical compendiums that explore the nuances of Bharatanatyam. These texts delve into the origins, techniques, and cultural significance of the dance form. For a deeper understanding, scholars recommend consulting these works alongside Natyashastra and Abhinaya Darpana.

Modern Interpretations and Scholarly Insights

Besides these ancient texts, modern scholars and practitioners have contributed significantly to the understanding of Bharatanatyam. Books like Hastalakshana Deepika by Kadathanattu Udyavarma Thampuran and writings by renowned doyens such as Sunil Kothari, Uday Shankar, and Mohan Khokar provide valuable insights into the contemporary practice and theory of Bharatanatyam.

Conclusion

No single book can encapsulate the entire theoretical framework of Bharatanatyam. However, by combining the wisdom of Natyashastra, Abhinaya Darpana, and other specialized texts, along with the guidance of a knowledgeable teacher and practical workshops, dancers can acquire a well-rounded understanding of this exquisite dance form.

For a more comprehensive study, one might explore additional works like Cilappadikaram and Nityasumangali, which provide insights into the temple dance tradition. Biographies of legendary figures such as Rukmini Devi Arundale, Balasaraswathi, K N Dandayudhapani, and U S Krishna Rao can also offer inspiring perspectives on the evolution of Bharatanatyam.