The Subjectivity of History and Its Academic Value

History is often described as a split discipline, with some viewing it as a social science and others as a humanities. This duality raises questions about the objectivity of history and its academic value. While some might argue that history can be objective, others counter that it is inherently subjective. This article aims to explore these questions and provide insights into why studying history remains a worthwhile endeavor.

Is History Objective or Subjective?

For some, history is a field that can be objective, grounded in evidence and verifiable facts. Events, such as George Washington commanding the American Revolutionary Army, can be confirmed through documents, artifacts, and other tangible evidence. However, the interpretation of these events is where subjectivity enters the picture. Different historians may draw different conclusions based on their worldviews, available evidence, and the lack of objective standards to measure historical significance.

Consider the debate around recent events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Different narratives exist regarding vaccination hesitancy and statistical data. For instance, statistics about the efficacy of vaccines may be questioned and criticized, highlighting the subjective nature of interpreting and presenting historical events.

The Influence of Perspective on Historical Interpretation

The perspective of those who wrote history and the accessibility of documentation play a crucial role in the subjectivity of historical studies. Historians of the past often had access to education and resources, which led to the prominence of certain narratives. Consequently, there is a lack of or absence of stories from marginalized groups, such as peasants or black individuals, in historical records.

For example, the experiences of peasants during historical events often go unrecorded, as they had limited access to education and the means to document their lives. Similarly, black history is often insufficiently represented in contemporary bookshelves. These gaps in historical records highlight the subjectivity of the discipline and the need for a more inclusive approach.

Why Study History?

Despite its subjectivity, history remains a vital field of study. It provides us with valuable insights into the past, which can inform our present and future actions. As the famous author Mark Twain once said, 'history does not repeat itself, but it does rhyme.' This quote underscores the importance of understanding historical patterns and movements to better address contemporary issues.

Studying history helps us develop critical thinking skills. By analyzing different perspectives and interpretations of historical events, we learn to evaluate evidence and form our own informed opinions. This process is crucial for making informed decisions in today's complex and interconnected world.

The Process of Historical Research

Historians aim to be objective in their research, but it is a continuous and dynamic process. They do not work with absolutes; rather, they strive to develop provisional theories based on the evidence available. Once a conclusion is reached, it is subject to scrutiny and critique, and new evidence can alter previous conclusions.

For instance, the assassination of JFK in Dallas, Texas, is a well-documented event with personal and televised observations by numerous individuals. The evidence collected, including the autopsy reports from the Warren Commission, forms part of the ongoing historical narrative. However, alternative theories continue to surface, leading historians to re-evaluate the evidence and draw new conclusions.

In conclusion, while history may be subjective due to the human element and the availability of evidence, it remains an essential field of study. Its academic value lies in the critical insights it provides and the development of analytical skills. Historians strive for objectivity, but the dynamic nature of historical research ensures that the interpretation of the past is continually evolving.