The Evolution and Value of Violin Bows: An Insight into Their Longevity and Usage

It is a common belief that it is the violins that are the conduits of time, carried over from centuries past to find a new role in modern orchestral and solo performances. However, what about the bows? Are old bows as cherished and valuable as their stringed counterparts, or are newer, more advanced bows the preference of today's professional musicians?

Old Bows: Still the Choice of Professionals

Interestingly enough, many seasoned professionals rely on bows that are just as old as two centuries, and these same bows are often seen in the hands of performers in contemporary orchestras, as well as soloists who play instruments dating back even further. These bows, with their unique tonal characteristics, can indeed make a significant difference in the sound of the instrument, and this can be supremely valuable. In some cases, the worth of these bows can skyrocket, reaching values upwards of $100,000 or more. It is not uncommon for musicians to use bows that are even more valuable than their prestigious violins.

During my tenure as a specialist and dealer of rare bows, I have witnessed and participated in the selection and purchase of such high-value instruments. One such instance stands out particularly, as I assisted a musician in finding the perfect bow for their prized violin. The need for such a precise match cannot be overstated for musicians who do not specialize in 18th-century music; beyond the age of about two hundred years, the bow's form has evolved significantly, making older bows less suitable for modern compositions.

The Evolution of Bows

Violins, known to possess a relatively robust structure, still undergo changes when it comes to modern bows. The bow's design and usage have seen significant modifications since the turn of the 18th century. Today's 'modern' bows are crafted differently, facilitating the generation of a more powerful sound ideally suited for the works of contemporary composers. However, the instruments crafted prior to approximately 1780–1800 can still be used with minor adjustments, as their fundamental design has remained largely unchanged.

The Fragility and Lifespan of Bows

Bows, unlike violins, do not fare as well over time. They are more fragile and wear out much quicker. Unlike violins, where components such as the fingerboard can be swapped out without altering the instrument's core characteristics, the essential component of a bow is its stick, and the shape of this stick has changed significantly since the Baroque era.

Another reason why bows tend to be newer is due to their quick wear and tear. Bows are thinner and much more delicate, leading to their more frequent deterioration. Additionally, the process of periodically changing the bow hair can also cause some damage. The Tourte bow, an innovation that revolutionized the bow's design, was invented around 1800, which is only 70 years after the passing of the celebrated Antonio Stradivari. This significant time gap highlights the considerable advancements in bow-making and their impact on the performance of violins.

It is worth noting that good quality modern bows are relatively easy to find and are more cost-effective than violins, prompting musicians to take better care of their violins compared to their bows. This highlights the different maintenance priorities that professionals must balance in their practice and performances.

From the artistic precision of ancient bows to the powerful, modern innovations, the journey of the violin bow is as fascinating as the instruments it complements. Whether chosen for their ageless charm or their superior performance capabilities, the history and value of these bows add a rich layer to the world of music.