Mendelssohn's Choral Works Beyond 'Elijah'

Unlike his more well-known biblical oratorios like Elijah, Mendelssohn composed a rich variety of choral works that showcase both his classical and Romantic influences. This text delves into lesser-known choral compositions, such as St Paul and Elijah, as well as unique pieces like The First Walpurgis Night and smaller-scale sacred works.

Classic Biblical Oratorios: St Paul and Elijah

Composed in 1836, St Paul and 18 years later, Elijah, are among the pinnacle works of Mendelssohn, both deeply influenced by the Baroque master, Johann Sebastian Bach. These oratorios are not only musically impressive but also contain profound biblical themes woven through their structures. Both pieces showcase Mendelssohn's skill in blending profound religious narrative with emotion and musical complexity.

Unique Romanticism in 'The First Walpurgis Night'

In stark contrast to his biblical oratorios is the more overtly Romantic oratorio The First Walpurgis Night. Mendelssohn set the text of this 1844 piece to music, based on the famous ballad by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, which vividly describes pagan rituals of the Druids in the Harz mountains during the early days of Christianity. This work displays a distinct Romantic influence, with its dramatic and expansive musical arrangements.

Smaller-Scale Sacred Works

Mendelssohn also composed a number of smaller-scale sacred works for unaccompanied choir and those with organ. These include settings of psalms and psalms translated into English. Some of his most celebrated compositions within this category are Jauchzet dem Herrn alle Welt, which translates to 'Hymn of Praise to You, All the World' and Hear My Prayer. The profound second half of Hear My Prayer remains particularly renowned among Mendelssohn's sacred choral music.

Secular and Sacred Adaptaions

Mendelssohn also adapted certain secular works for sacred music. One notable example is his cantata Festgesang (Festive Hymn), composed in the 1840s. Although it was originally a secular work, its melody found a new home within Charles Wesley's popular Christmas hymn. This is a testament to Mendelssohn's versatility and the enduring appeal of his musical compositions.

Conclusion

Mendelssohn's choral works extend far beyond the famous Elijah, ranging from grand biblical oratorios to smaller sacred and secular pieces. Each piece reflects his deep engagement with religious themes and the Romantic movement, ensuring that his contributions to choral music are diverse and enduring.

References

Metzger, H.-K. (2014). iMendelssohn and the Romantic Imagination/i. Cambridge University Press.