Feline Purring: Beyond the House Cat

Contrary to the common assumption that purring is exclusive to domestic cats, several feline species other than Felis catus engage in the calming and health-benefitting sound. This article explores the fascinating aspect of purring among different feline species, offering insights into the natural behaviors and vocalizations of big cats and smaller felines. From cheetahs in the African savannah to pumas in the Americas, the world of felines is much more diverse than most people realize.

What is Purring and Why Do Cats Do It?

Purring is a low-frequency sound produced by the vibration of the larynx and diaphragm. Domestic cats, as well as several other feline species, purr to convey feelings of contentment, comfort, or to self-soothe. This unique vocalization is not only soothing for the cats but also has benefits for their physical and mental health.

Purring Across Different Feline Species

Cheetahs

Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) produce a purring sound primarily when they are content or relaxed. While it may not be as pronounced as in domestic cats, cheetahs can generate a low, rumbling sound when they are at ease, akin to the purring of smaller felines but more subtle in nature.

Bobcats

Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are known to purr, particularly when feeding or grooming. This behavior is less frequent than in domestic cats, indicating that the intensity and frequency of purring may vary among feline species.

Servals

Servals (Leptailurus serval) are medium-sized wild cats known for their ability to purr when content. Their purring is soft and melodious, similar to that of domestic cats, though it may not be sustained for as long.

Pumas and Cougars

Pumas (also known as cougars) (Puma concolor) possess the capability to purr, usually observed when they are at ease or content. This vocalization is often a sign of relaxation and security.

Big Cats: Roar and Purr

Not all cats roar. Lions, tigers, leopards, and jaguars belong to the group of big cats known as Panthera. These magnificent creatures do not purr in the same way as smaller cats. The true purring sound is characteristic of smaller domesticated and wild felids. However, big cats can produce a sound that resembles purring during exhalation, but it is not continuous like the purring of smaller cats.

The ability to purr is generally associated with the structure of the larynx. In big cats, such as lions and tigers, the larynx is typically larger, which affects their sound production. This difference in vocalization mechanisms leads to the unique sounds produced by each species.

Why the Difference in Purring Mechanism?

The exact mechanism behind purring remains a subject of scientific research. It is believed that the structure of the vocal cords and the nervous system play crucial roles in the production of the purring sound. The smaller bones in the larynx of domestic cats allow for a sustained and continuous purring sound, which is less prominent in big cats with larger larynxes.

Personal Accounts and Observations

Some individuals, like former members of the Board of Directors for a small zoo in Michigan, have firsthand experiences with big cats. Siberian Tigers, for instance, produce loud and deep rumbling purrs that are unmistakable. Observing the vocalizations of these large felines offers a unique glimpse into their personalities and behaviors. The contrast between the gentle purring of smaller felines and the deep, resonant roars of big cats adds to the diversity and fascination of the feline world.

Conclusion

While purring is most commonly associated with domestic cats, several other feline species exhibit similar vocalizations. The ability to purr is linked to the structure of the larynx and the way these animals vocalize. Big cats, such as lions, tigers, and leopards, have distinct vocalizations compared to their smaller counterparts. Understanding the natural behaviors and vocalizations of feline species contributes to our appreciation of the diversity within the feline family.