Exploring the Suffix -able and Its Applications in English Adjectives

Understanding the English language's suffixes is crucial for improving one's grasp of the language, especially when it comes to forming adjectives. The suffix -able is a particularly significant form, as it significantly enhances the descriptive capabilities of verbs and can transform them into adjectives. In this article, we will delve into the meaning, usage, and examples of the suffix -able in English.

What is the Suffix -able?

The suffix -able is a common termination and word-forming element used in English to create adjectives from verbs. This suffix typically conveys a notion of being capable of, allowed, worthy of, or requiring to be done. For example, the verb 'enjoy' can become the adjective 'enjoyable' through the addition of -able.

The root of -able can be traced back to Latin -bilis. This suffix is appropriately paired with verbs to form adjectives that describe something that can be done or achieved. For instance, 'break' can become 'breakable' through the same process. This widespread usage makes -able a productive suffix—meaning it can be easily and frequently used to create new words.

The Significance of -ability

The suffix -able is often used to create nouns that describe a particular quality or capability. For example, the adjective 'suitable' becomes the noun 'suitability.' These derived nouns emphasize the extent to which a situation or object is capable of being suitable.

Using -able with Existing Words

The suffix -able is highly versatile and attaches to many existing words, particularly verbs. Here are some common examples:

Enjoyable: capable of being enjoyed. Breakable: capable of being broken. Capable: having the ability to do something. Doable: capable of being done. Effable: capable of being expressed in words. Formidable: strikingly difficult or impressive. Measurable: capable of being measured or assessed. Notable: worthy of attention or notice. Obtainable: capable of being obtained. Potable: fit to be drunk or used for drinking. Questionable: doubtful or questionable in character, nature, or validity. Removable: capable of being removed or taken off. Sustainable: capable of being maintained at a certain rate or level. Table: relating to a table (such as a piece of furniture). Note: This one might seem peculiar but it is derived historically from the verb 'to lay' (as in laying a table). Unable: not having the ability to do something. Valuable: worthy of being prized or esteemed. Weldable: capable of being joined or fused together.

Spelling Variations of the Suffix -able

It's worth noting that sometimes the suffix -able can attach to words in slightly altered forms. For example, in words ending in a silent 'e,' the silent 'e' is typically dropped before adding -able. Here are some examples to illustrate this:

Aabdicate: Dropped to abdicable. Accrue: Dropped to accruable. Allocate: Dropped to allocatable. Argue: Dropped to arguable. Assume: Dropped to assumable. Automate: Dropped to automatable. Breathe: Dropped to breathable. Circulate: Dropped to circulable.

These variations allow for greater flexibility in constructing adjectives, ensuring that the suffix fits smoothly into the word while maintaining its meaning.

Conclusion

The suffix -able is a powerful tool in the English language, enhancing verbs and turning them into adjectives that describe capability and potential. Understanding how to use this suffix correctly can significantly improve one's vocabulary and writing skills. By familiarizing oneself with the variations and applications of -able, one can expand their language toolkit and express ideas more precisely.

Further Reading

Words Ending in -able or -ible Types of Affixes in English The Importance of Affixes in Language

Remember, language is a living entity, and understanding these suffixes can help you navigate its nuanced usage. Happy learning!