Which RGB Code of Black should I use in one digital illustration?

The most common and precise RGB code for black is 0 0 0. This code represents the complete absence of light in the RGB color model, creating a pure black shade. However, if you're looking for variations, you can explore rich or jet black shades which offer a slightly softer appearance. For instance, rich black can be represented as 1 1 1, which is a very slightly lighter black, or 20 20 20, which has a hint of gray. Note that these variations are more suitable for aesthetic purposes rather than standard usage. For standard digital illustration purposes, it’s advisable to stick with 0 0 0.

RGB vs. CMYK: Understanding the Difference

While using the RGB code 0 0 0 is straightforward for screen-based tasks, the story changes when you intend to print. The CMYK color model requires a different approach, as it involves the mixture of four ink colors—cyan, magenta, yellow, and key black (often adjusted with gray).

For example, rich black in CMYK can be represented with values such as 40 40 40 100. This combination ensures that the printed black appears more saturated and less tinted by the paper’s base color.

The final output you have in mind will largely dictate the approach you should take. If you're working exclusively in RGB, you should use 0 0 0. However, if you aim to print, consider both RGB and CMYK versions, as the requirements can vary significantly.

Printing Considerations

If you're dealing with print, multiple factors come into play, such as the type of print, the ink and printer, and the medium surface. Solid black 100 can sometimes be challenging to achieve, especially when using screen printing on t-shirts. The screen mesh and ink type can affect the final result, making it unpredictable. Some print shops might even recommend 90% black, as a 10% overlay of white can help prevent screen plugging during the printing process.

Best Practices and Recommendations

Stephen Walker advises using 100% black or the hexadecimal code 000000, as this is the most reliable option for digital illustration. The primary reason for using anything else would be to accommodate dot gain, a phenomenon where halftone dots in printed material appear larger than intended. However, modern color profiles in software like Illustrator and Photoshop handle this aspect, making 100% black the preferred choice.

For those working both in RGB and preparing for CMYK printing, consider adding 30 cyan and 30 magenta to your black mix. This helps achieve a richer, more controlled black on the printed page. Even though you're working in RGB, the tools in software like Illustrator and Photoshop allow you to preview the CMYK results accurately.

Ultimately, for a digital illustration, especially one intended for both screen and print, working in solid black (100% black) ensures a uniform and consistent appearance. This approach can save you from unforeseen issues that might arise with different printers or print mediums.