Are Pashtuns Descendants of Alexander the Great?

The question of whether Pashtuns, or more specifically, a community known as the Derwish Kela (Kelasha), are descendants of Alexander the Great has been a subject of debate. Recent developments in Pakistan have shed light on this issue, as a court ordered that members of this community be counted separately during the national census. This article explores the historical context and current implications of this controversial claim.

Historical Context and Documentation

The Derwish Kela, a community living in mountainous regions bordering Afghanistan, have maintained distinct religious and cultural customs separate from local Muslims. This unique identity led them to file a petition with a Pakistani court, which resulted in the court order to be counted separately during the upcoming census. This census, the first in nearly two decades, was previously postponed due to security concerns related to violent militant groups.

Historically, the story of Alexander the Great's legacy in the region is complex. While he himself had no documented descendants, there is evidence of Hellenic influence in the region due to his army's presence. The Greco-Bactrian kingdom, established in Afghanistan, suggests that some Greeks remained in the area, and some modern inhabitants there might have Greek heritage. The Hellenic Seleucid Empire, which lasted for nearly three centuries, also had a significant presence in the region.

The Derwish Kela and Their Claim

The Derwish Kela consider themselves to be descendants of Alexander the Great's soldiers who were left behind while he continued his conquests. This claim is poetic and intriguing, but there is no concrete evidence to support it. The community maintains its unique identity, distinct religious practices, and cultural traditions, distinguishing itself from the majority population.

Contemporary Implications

The decision to recognize the Derwish Kela as a separate community during the census underscores the importance of recognizing and documenting minority groups in Pakistan. This move can have significant implications for the community's recognition, rights, and integration within the broader society. However, the lack of concrete evidence poses challenges to the validity of their claim and raises questions about historical accuracy.

Conclusion

While the debate over whether Pashtuns, or specifically the Derwish Kela, are descendants of Alexander the Great remains unresolved, the recent legal action in Pakistan highlights the importance of documenting and recognizing minority groups. The census offers an opportunity to better understand and support these communities, although the claim remains one of historical speculation.